An aromatic hydrocarbon or arena
(sometimes also called aryl hydrocarbon)
is a hydrocarbon with a single bond or a
double bond, and between carbon atoms. Configuration 6 carbon atoms in an
aromatic compound called benzene
rings. Aromatic hydrocarbons
can be monocyclic or polycyclic.
Some aromatic compounds that are not called heteroarena benzene derivatives, these compounds follow Hückel Rule. In these compounds, at least one carbon atom is replaced by another atom, such as oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. One contohn compound is furan, a heterocyclic ring compound having 5 members, one oxygen atom. Another example is pyridine, a heterocyclic ring compound with 6 members, one nitrogen atom.
Some aromatic compounds that are not called heteroarena benzene derivatives, these compounds follow Hückel Rule. In these compounds, at least one carbon atom is replaced by another atom, such as oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. One contohn compound is furan, a heterocyclic ring compound having 5 members, one oxygen atom. Another example is pyridine, a heterocyclic ring compound with 6 members, one nitrogen atom.
aromatic
substitution
In aromatic substitution, 1 substituents on the ring arena (usually hydrogen) will be replaced with other substituents. 2 main types are electrophilic aromatic substitution (active electrophile reagent) and nucleophilic aromatic substitution (reagennya nucleophile). In the radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution, a radical form of active reagents. One example is the nitration of salicylic acid
In aromatic substitution, 1 substituents on the ring arena (usually hydrogen) will be replaced with other substituents. 2 main types are electrophilic aromatic substitution (active electrophile reagent) and nucleophilic aromatic substitution (reagennya nucleophile). In the radical-nucleophilic aromatic substitution, a radical form of active reagents. One example is the nitration of salicylic acid
couplings
At couplings, metal will catalyze the coupling between the two radical fragments formal. The results are usually obtained from the coupling reaction is the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds, for example alkilarena, vinyl arena, biraril, the carbon-nitrogen (aniline) or a carbon-oxygen bond new. An example is the arylation of perfluorobenzen
At couplings, metal will catalyze the coupling between the two radical fragments formal. The results are usually obtained from the coupling reaction is the formation of new carbon-carbon bonds, for example alkilarena, vinyl arena, biraril, the carbon-nitrogen (aniline) or a carbon-oxygen bond new. An example is the arylation of perfluorobenzen
usually known ester fragrance that khasz, please explain how in the fruit flavored?
BalasHapusKomentar ini telah dihapus oleh pengarang.
BalasHapusWith short chain esters (ester
BalasHapusderived from carboxylic acid with a low interest rate low alcohol) is widely available in fruits
that the scent of the fruit, so the fruit is called esters.
Natural fruit flavor is a complex concoction ester with an assortment of other organic compounds. Synthetic fruit flavor is usually just a simple concoction of some esters and some other compounds.
BalasHapusEsters can be synthesized by the reaction of carboxylic acids and alcohols
assisted acid catalyst. This reaction can be called esterification, the reaction takes place reverrsible general:
RCOOH + 'R OH R + H2O COO'R
Carboxylic Acid Ester Alcohol Water
The rate of reaction of the carboxylic acids depends mainly on steric effects of alcohols and carboxylic acids. Strong acids from carboxylic acids only give a small donation in the rate of ester formation reaction.
has become the nature of the ester that Esther low interest will be sweet-smelling liquid (fruit flavored). With short chain esters (esters derived from carboxylic acid with a low interest rate low alcohol) is widely available in fruits that causes the aroma of the fruit, so the fruit is called esters.
BalasHapusEsters are widely used as a flavoring or essences.
The smell of bananas in the food or beverage can be obtained by adding the ester amyl acetate
The simple esters tend to have pleasant odors. In many cases, although not exclusively so,
BalasHapusthe characteristic flavors and fragrances of flowers and fruits are due to compounds with the
ester functional group. An exception is the case of essential oils. The organoleptic qualities
(odors and flavors) of fruits and flowers may often be due to a single ester, but more often the
flavor or aroma is due to a complex mixture in which a single ester predominates.